Civil Engineering Information

By
Kaushal Kishore
Materials Engineer, Roorkee
I myself and Dr. G.C.Nayak remain engaged in consultency work long after our retirement. One day about 8 A.M Dr. Nayak phone me: Kaushal Engineers of irrigation department Haridwar are sitting at my house, they have a problem of granite blocks at BHIMGODA BARRAGE site. You have to go at this site at what time you will be ready to go, I said with in 30 minutes I will be ready to go.

Granite blocks are used at the fall of the BHIMGODA BARRAGE in Haridwar to control water flow and prevent erosion of the river bed. The blocks are used to dessipate the kinetic energy of the falling water, reducing its destructive power as it hits the downstream river bed.
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By
Kaushal Kishore
Materials Engineer, Roorkee

Sir Proby Thames Cautley KCB ( 3 January 1802-25 January 1871 ) was the English engineer who conceived and supervised the Ganges canal during the East India Company’s rule in India. Known for his perseverance and meticulous planning, he led the massive project from 1842 to 1854, creating a canal that was the largest irrigation canal in the world at its completion. Cautley also established the Thomason college of Engineering in Roorkee (now IIT Roorkee) to train engineers for the canal project.

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By
Kaushal Kishore
Materials Engineer, Roorkee
The new Solani aqueduct on Ganges canal Roorkee was built with prestressed concrete which allows for longer spans and a simple more robust design compared to old bricks, lime- surkhi mortar masonry arches of the old aqueduct, in which 8.5 crores bricks were used, while iron railing used in the sides of two lanes were imported from England. This is interesting to note that materials bringing those days on ship from England to Indian ports take 6-10 weeks via the Suez canal or 3 to 6 months via the longer Cape of Good Hope. Calculate in it also time taken on road from Indian ports to Roorkee.

After retirement from University of now IIT Roorkee I joined M/S Roffe Construction Chemicals Pvt.Ltdd, Mumbai as it’s Chief Concrete Technologists afterwards I became it’s one of the Director.

AQUEDUCT picture taken on 7/10/2025
For the contractor of above aqueduct I designed M-40 grade of concrete with Roffe superpladticizer. Those interested may read my paper by visiting Google site and log in; Civil engineering portal The Ganges canal by Kaushal Kishore.

I had designed numerous concrete mix design almost all cements of India in this I find Utra Tech cement as one of best cement OPC and PPC both With Ultratech cement I had designed numerous concrete mixes from ordinary strength to M-80 grade concrete, self compacting concrete, shot crete concrete, fibre reinforced concrete, fly ash concrete and more There is life after retirement and after retirement I worked for 30 year’s which includes in free time working in home research and testing laboratory and numerous construction sites visits almost all India and outside India. At my age of 92 years I still work for 12 hours daily.

I had never worked for money. In spite of doing so gigantic work what to say about car I even do not have 2 wheeler not any of my house not a single inch of land in this world only pension from IIT Roorkee and few clothes

By
Kaushal Kishore
Materials Engineer, Roorkee
The Roorkee college, the first engineering college in the British Empire was established in 1847. In 1854, the college was renamed the Thomson College of Civil Engineering. In 1949, it was renamed the University of Roorkee. On September,21, 2001, it became the seventh IIT in India.

The main building of IIT, Roorkee was conducted during 1852-1854. During this period Lt.George Price, and assistant engineer on Ganga Canal, was the designer and likely supervisor of the IIT Roorkee main building. The original building finished in January, 1856.

Lt.George Price was a junior officer of the infantry. The main building is designed in the Renaissance style, a significant architectural achievement for a junior officer at that time.

By
Kaushal Kishore
Materials Engineer, Roorkee

Two lions in sitting position on both sides of Ganga Canal between Roorkee and 2.5 kilometres away at Mehwar village were build during 1840. The fifth lion statue was installed in Sher Kothi, Roorkee, where Cautley used to live.

It is said the lions are similar in structure to the ones erected in Trafalgar square London. They are made of black granite while the lions in Roorkee are of bricks, lime- surkhi mortar. The Mason’s and other artisan’s must be from Roorkee and other places of India whose hands have made our great structures but we never know their names though their contribution in any construction is not less than other staff.

The lion statues between Roorkee and Mehwar village are built as a mark of danger zone as between these two places lot of land fillings had to be done for the canal to keep the required level.

The lions flanking the entrance of the IIT Roorkee main building were likely to be erected around 1846.

Introduction
Analysis of structures is important for safe design and serviceability to resist loads coming from various sources. These loads re taken into account while designing so that the building does not fail under the application of these loads. These loads may be in the form of uniformly distributed load, concentrated load, triangular load and so on. All these have various points of application and so the center of mass is to be detected for making the calculations easy in every aspect. For example, in seismic zones, the earthquake load plays an important role which is to be considered in seismic analysis. Similarly, in some areas wind is the predominant force and it imposes load on the building which needs to be analysed before any disaster strikes. All these loads create a significant impact in performing structural analysis and any slight calculation mistakes can create life threatening situations.

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By
Mr. S.L. Ghorpade
Under the guidance of Prof. A.B. Shendge
Dattakala Group of Institutions Faculty of Engineering, Swami – Chincholi (Bhigwan).

Abstract- The construction of tunnel is important for different purposes. They can be constructed for railways, roadways, pedestrian footways and can be built in hard rock, soft ground, river bed and are also used to convey Hydroelectric power, water stream, or as a sewer. The construction of Diversion Tunnel, Pressure Shaft, and Tailrace Tunnel to convey water is considered in this project. To identify Scheduling of different activities by various methods Network Diagram, C.P.M., P.E.R.T. and their cycle time is calculated. Scheduling for different activity is carried out with the help of Network Diagram & Primavera Software will be carried out in a project stage II. Study of Estimation for a Diversion Tunnel, Pressure Shaft, and Tailrace Tunnel by both methods. Excavation in heading and benching, Rock bolt support work, lining work is considered for cycle time and cost estimation calculation in Diversion Tunnel, Pressure Shaft, and Tailrace Tunnel. Estimation is also carried out by two methods. The comparison of two methods adopted for excavation work and estimation will be carried out in a project stage II.

Keywords- Scheduling, C.P.M., P.E.R.T., Gantt chart, Network Diagram, Estimation, Heading, Benching, Cycle time, Lining, Rock Bolts, Diversion Tunnel, Pressure Shaft, Tailrace Tunnel.

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Introduction
Computer-Aided Design Software or CAD is used to create, analyze, modify, or stimulate for optimizing design. Architects, engineers, and designers use it to create or modify designs in 2D or 3D that was impossible to be exhibited on paper. It transforms designs into codes that are understandable by the computer, resulting in viewing a designed object from various perspectives.

Different companies use different CAD software versions to carry out desired results for the company’s standards. CAD offers expandable features that can be used by companies working in various fields. This software facilitates conversion from design to construction process. Because of low-cost development and less time consumption, this software is gaining traction. Some of such software that is used in various industries shall be discussed here in details.
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Introduction:
Asphalt is petroleum liquid with a very high viscosity. In many settings, asphalt flooring is the best solution. Asphalt mastic is created by mixing asphalt and sand in a 2:1 ratio when used as a flooring layer over a concrete subfloor. In place of sand, asphalt can be used to create a marble mosaic. Aside from asphalt, inert chemicals and mineral pigments are used to create asphalt tiles.

Fig: Asphalt flooring
Courtesy: designingbuildings.co.uk

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INTRODUCTION
Cracks in concrete are common and it if often misunderstood as not having done mixing properly or compaction properly or problem in foundation and many more. In general cases cracks sizes ranging from 1/4 inch to 1/16 inch is considered to be acceptable limit. One can control cracking by properly preparing the subbase, proper curing, not favouring under-reinforcement or over-reinforcement, by proper placing and spacing crack control joints, etc. To fix narrow cracks in concrete, caulk-style concrete repair compound is used because of its easy application. For larger cracks especially in case of walls, epoxy injection kit is used which allows deep penetration through cracks. In case of repairing of stairs, vinyl concrete patcher is used as it is durable and easy to mould into a step like shape.

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