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What is the difference in function between backward curved vanes and forward curved vanes in pumps?

The power of a pump is related to discharge as follows:

Power=K1Q + [K2Q2]/tan A

where k1 and k2 are constants, Q is discharge and A is the angle between the tangent of impeller at vane location and the tangent to vane.

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For A less than 90o (forward curved vanes) it is unstable owing to unrestricted power growth. Large losses result from high outflow velocity. The preferred configuration is achieved when A is more than 90o (i.e. backward curved vanes) because it has controlled power consumption and presents good fluid dynamic shape.

This question is taken from book named – A Self Learning Manual – Mastering Different Fields of Civil Engineering Works (VC-Q-A-Method) by Vincent T. H. CHU.

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Kanwarjot Singh

Kanwarjot Singh is the founder of Civil Engineering Portal, a leading civil engineering website which has been awarded as the best online publication by CIDC. He did his BE civil from Thapar University, Patiala and has been working on this website with his team of Civil Engineers.

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One comment on "What is the difference in function between backward curved vanes and forward curved vanes in pumps?"

marc says:

hi my name is marc.

I would like to inquire are there any journals out there that explain about pressure and velocity with regards to backward and straight guide vane designs.

Thanks.

Regards,
Marc.

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