Project Reports

By
Maaz Allah Khan, Faizan Quasim, Faraz Hussain, Imran Khan, Fazil Saleem
Azad Institute of engineering & technology

ABSTRACT:
The acoustical design issues for buildings involve the principal issues like site noise considerations. In any heavily populated area, there is enough activity going on at once during the day to generate all kinds of sounds across the audible spectrum of human hearing. Planes take off and land, traffic moves along roadways, construction crew repair roads, dogs bark, music blares, sirens sound, and lawns are mowed, etc.

The information contained in this article about library acoustics is intended as a source for these standards. As the architectural and engineering design of the project evolves, the design should be reviewed in light of the agreed upon acoustical programmatic requirements for the building project.

Read More

By
Laxmanagouda
GEC HUVINA HADAGALI

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL
The various underground construction methods discussed as options for the example facility must be evaluated on a site-specific basis, since factors such as site geology will vary significantly in different locales. The advantages and disadvantages of each option must be weighed, and each alternative’s costs and energy use must -be evaluated. The most effective options can .then be considered in terms of the various constraints posed by the individual site.

The article summarizes the challenges and considerations during planning, execution and commissioning of underground sections of metro. The work of fixing the alignment starts with fixing up the location of the station box, availability of the land in the close proximity of major origin/destination points or nodes which are dense passenger traffic junction is important. There are the instances when separate vacant land at these locations is not available, and in all such cases stations are planned below roads. Consideration of buildings nearby, no. of trees affected, possible traffic diversion, soil strata, utilities, access to the residents nearby are few points which are kept in mind the location of the station. Suitability from point of view of traffic integration is also a main criterion for fixing station locations. Stations are planned in such a way so as to be near established traffic interchange nodes so that they fit in the existing transport network and provide seamless intermodal transfer.

Read More

By
Pravesh Shukla

Abstract
The utilization of industrial and agricultural waste produced by industrial process has been the focus on waste reduction research for economical, environmental and technical reasons. SCBA is a fibrous waste product of the sugar refining industry, along with ethanol vapour. Bagasse ash mainly contains aluminium ion and silica. The use of SCBA as a pozzolonic material for producing high strength concrete. OPC is partially replaced with finely SCBA. At present the disposal of waste tyre is becoming a major waste management problem in the world. In this project, the bagasse ash has been chemically and physically characterized and partially replaced in the ratio of 0%, 5%, 15% and 25% by weight of cement in concrete. The mix proportion for M30 grade concrete was derived. Rubber tyre waste has been used as coarse aggregate with replacement of conventional coarse aggregate and it is taken as constant of 10%.

Read More

By
Shubham Sunil Malu

1.0 INTRODUCTION:
Cracking is one of the major issues in concrete. Since concrete has various physical and chemical properties it is prone to cracking. Its elimination is not possible totally but it can be restricted or reduced to a certain extent. Mostly, cracking goes on a microscopic scale and does not appear visibly as a fault. If the cracking goes on a macroscopic scale it can result in loss of strength, stability and durability. It can also cause decrease in sound insulation and overall efficiency besides affects aesthetics to a greater extent.

The main causes of cracking are as follows:

• Ageing – Carbonation
• Foundation problems
• Weathering Actions
• Improper or modified use of the structure
• Poor maintenance
• Progressive loading
• Deficiencies in design
• Poor quality of concrete material
• Improper concrete mix
• Movement of concrete arising from physical properties
• Poor workmanship and negligence
• Over trowelling and impermeable formwork
• Reduced continuity of the structural member
• Defects and errors in construction practices
• Improper structural repairs or modification
• Chemical attacks by Chlorides and Sulphates
• Differential thermal stress – Heat of hydration of cement

Read More

By
Shubham Sunil Malu

ABSTRACT:
A concrete plant, also known as batch plant is device that combines various ingredients to form concrete. In general, it is a process of combining all ingredients of concrete as per the mix design. Batching and mixing are extremely important parts of mortar and concrete manufactures they influence properties of concrete both in plastic as well as in hardened stages. Also, it is one of the important processes, which is to be done to obtain a quality concrete. Many processes are carried out in various parts of the world with many changes and different equipment. There are various types of batching and mixing equipment and methods that is to say from manual to most sophisticated computerized batching and mixing. Mechanization improves quality of batching and mixing, its speed and thereby can most often result in economy.There are number of factors which are to be considered while doing the process which are discussed in this paper. Moreover, the machinery, which is to be required while making concrete or for batching process and discharging and unloading of the mixture, are also discussed in brief.
1.0 INTRODUCTION:

Read More

By
Shubham Sunil Malu

ABSTRACT:
Concrete is a basic building material that will continue to be in demand far into the future. A world without concrete, and its dominant precursor, Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), is hard to imagine. Although there are different types of concrete that have been developed for use in different applications, their common virtues are familiarity, versatility, strength, durability, wide availability, fire resistance, resistance to the elements and comparatively low cost.Cement industry is growing at a rapid pace in India and over the globe. Many new brands are available in the market but selection of good cement is very important for an engineer. Many a time construction project fails due to poor quality of cement.

This paper will show you what are the factors affecting the selection of cement and cement strength classification. Also, the quality control of cement and need of consistency of quality in cement. Thus the project, can be secured to extent with the selection of proper quality of cement.

Read More

By:
Shubham Sunil Malu.

ABSTRACT:
With the growth of construction industry there is need to give quality in it. Many of the projects fail in construction field because of improper results and improper testing on site. One of the basic and important test is compressive test which should be done carefully since it is taken as the backbone of all tests of civil engineering related to concrete. Compression test is required almost in every project since it gives us a brief idea of the grade and type of concrete. Many of them do small mistakes in these which includes the different exclusion of different parameters of concrete, improper procedure for filling and compacting concrete, wrong methods of testing of concrete and many more. This paper contains all the necessary parameters, equipment and the acceptance criteria of the test. It also includes procedure for filling and compacting concrete as well as methods of testing of concrete.

Read More

Submitted by
PURUSOTHAMAN.S
VIGNESH.P
UMA MAHESHWARAN.J
JAYABAL .V

THE KAVERY ENGINEERING COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
ANNA UNIVERSITY CHENNAI

ABSTRACT
Our project deals with the Design of Fly over . The location is at five roads junction at SALEM . which is facing major traffic problems due to the construction. We have done a traffic survey and designed all the structural parts for this Fly over .

The Fly over is of 320 m length with 32 spans, 10 m per span. It consists of a deck slab, longitudinal girders, cross girders, deck beam, pier and foundation. Structural design of one span was made for all the above components. Slab is designed by Working stress method as per the recommendation of IRC: 21-2000, Clause 304.2.1.

Deck slab is designed for maximum moment due to deck action. the T beam designed as the IRC :21-2000. The deck beam is designed as a cantilever on a pier.

The Pier is designed for the axial dead load and live load from the slab, girders, deck beam.Foundation designed as footing for the safe load bearing in the soil. All the elements are designed by using M15 grade concrete and Fe415grade steel. Designs are based on Working stress and Limit state method as per IRC: 21-2000 and IS: 456-2000.

Read More

ABSTRACT:

All western democracies are now acutely aware of the apocalyptic consequences of a well-orchestrated attack on high-profile government facilities and other related targets. Many of these buildings are historical, ornate, listed and constructed using traditional techniques. Many of the modern retrofitted reinforcement techniques used to protect these structures against terrorist attacks are unsightly, intrusive or inappropriate. However, security specialists are well aware that while there might be little that can be done to defend a building against an aircraft attack, much can be done to defeat the more traditional car bomb and bullet. The methods available to the structural engineer to strengthen existing structures and provide resistance to the effects of a blast attacks are discussed in this paper.

1. INTRODUCTION:

The design of civilian or commercial buildings to withstand the effects of a terrorist blast is unlike the design of military installations or the design of embassy buildings. The objectives of the “Structural Engineering Guidelines” for the Design of New Embassy Buildings are to prevent heavy damage to components and structural collapse. Adherence to the provisions of the guidelines will minimize injuries and loss of life and facilitate the evacuation and rescue of survivors. The blast-protection objective of any commercial or public building must be similar to those of embassy structures, that is, to prevent structural collapse, to save lives, and to evacuate victims.

Architectural and structural features play a significant role in determining how the building will respond to the blast loading. These features can include adjacent or underground parking, atriums, transfer girders, slab configurations, and structural-frame systems. The keep-out distance is vital in the design of blast resistant structures since it is the key parameter that determines the blast overpressures that load the building and its structural elements. The degree of fenestration is another key parameter as it determines the pressures that enter the structure. The smaller the door and window openings the Embassies and military structures occupy secure sites with substantial keep-out distances better protected the occupants are within the structure. Following these key parameters,

Read More

By
Priyanka Gupta

1.0 Introduction

In small residential buildings the quality of construction is seldom questionable. The reason varies from poor building material quality to lack of knowledge of good construction practices. Most of the times, engineers are ignored by individual house owners and masons are given sole responsibility of both design and construction. Almost all structural engineers practicing in India will agree that 99% of the failures of structures in India are not due to design failure.

Explaining the different aspect of construction that a normal home builder, engineer or contractor needs to remember.

Read More