Posts by Kanwarjot Singh

By
Aswin Kumar Das
Suvendu Parida
Subha Prakash Ratha
Phani Bhusan Panda
Bishnu Prasad Gariagadu
Diptimayee Sahu
Priyanka Sahu
Anubhab Panigrahi

Chapter- 1 Introduction
1.1. General:

Mahatma Gandhi envisioned a society where the man would live in harmony with nature. He Propounded having self-sufficient village communities to achieve this goal, having a civilization built on renewable resources. He insisted for the growth of human beings from every stratum of the society and to avoid wasteful use of resources. It is in the Indian culture system to find use for everything, which may be considered as waste by many. However in the race of rapid urbanization and globalization we have lost these practices leading to unsustainable growth of cities.

As per Figure 1.1, by 2008, 30% of Indian population was living in cities generating 58% of the total GDP of India. It is estimated that by 2030, more than 40% of Indians would be living in urban areas contributing to about 70% of the GDP. The cities are going to be the engines of growth for India to become a developed nation and so, the quality of life needs to be improved for sustaining the growth in the long term. India being the second most populated country in the world has some of the most densely populated cities in the world. The rise in Indian economy in the last couple of decades has created many job opportunities in the cities leading to a rapid influx of migrants from the rural areas to the urban areas.

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Guided By: Mr. Anil Kumar Suman
Submitted By: Rashmi Sahu
Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University
Bhilai (C.G.), India
Shri Shankaracharya Technical Campus
Ssgi-bhilai (C.G)

CHAPTER – 01- INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL –
Red Mud is a hazardous waste generated in the Bayer process Alumina production (AL₂O₃) from Bauxite ore which contains high levels residual alkalinity and toxic heavy metal. Therefore, Red Mud is a hazardous waste of Alumina Industry. The volume of Red Mud which generated in the alumina processing plant depends on the quality of crude Bauxite ore, may be greater than the volume of alumina 1-1.5 times. The alumina processing plant usually disposes liquid Red Mud into reservoirs, which cause the risk of major environment pollution for lowland. The particle dimension of red mud usually less than 1mm . Therefore, dry red mud easy spread into the air and causes dust pollution. It is often exposured to dust cause skin and eyes diseases. Red mud in an liquid state causes harmful effect to human skin. Composition and properties of red mud in the world have been presented by many researchers in their publications.

Fly Ash is a byproduct of coal-fired electric generating plants. The coal is pulverized and blown into burning chamber for immediate combustion. Heavier ash particle (Bottom Ash or Slag) fall to the bottom burning chamber and the lighter ash (fly ash) fly out with exhaust gas, thus the term fly ash. Before leaving the stack, these fly ash particle are removed and collected by electrostatic precipitation, bag houses or other methods.

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By
Shubham Sunil Malu

ABSTRACT:
As the infrastructure is developing there is need for some changes in the construction field, as one cannot rely on the same method for a long time as it can have different consequences. The main consequence is the shortage of material and manpower. Also, money matters a lot in construction department along with it the machines, equipment and technology in some region is not at a level, which we want. Hence in order to satisfy these results Bubble deck slab is one of the most effective slab techniques to replace conventional slab in terms of money and materials. Also, it requires less time to construct as compared to conventional slab.

1.0 INTRODUCTION:
Bubble Deck is a revolutionary method of virtually eliminating concrete from the middle of a floor slab not performing any structural function, thereby dramatically reducing structural dead weight. Bubble Deck is based on a new patented technique- the direct way of linking air and steel. Void formers in the middle of a flat slab eliminates 35% of a slabs self-weight removing constraints of high dead loads and short spans.

Incorporation of recycled plastic bubbles as void formers permits 50% longer spans between columns. Combination of this with a flat slab construction approach spanning in two directions – the slab is connected directly to insitu concrete columns without any beams -produces a wide range of cost and construction benefits including:-

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By
Shubham Malu
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING N.D.MV.P.S’s K.B.T.C.O.E NASHIK

1.INTRODUCTION
The artificial recharge to ground water aims at augmentation of ground water reservoir by modifying the natural movement of surface water utilizing suitable civil construction techniques. Artificial recharge techniques normally address to following issues –

(i) To enhance the sustainable yield in areas where over-development has depleted the aquifer

(ii) Conservation and storage of excess surface water for future requirements, since these requirements often changes within a season or a period.

(iii) To improve the quality of existing ground water through dilution.

(iv) To remove bacteriological and other impurities from sewage and waste water so that water is suitable for re-use.

Thus, in most situation, artificial recharge projects not only serve as water conservation mechanism but also assist in overcoming problem associated with overdraft.The increasing demand for water has increased awareness towards the use of artificial recharge to augment ground water supplies. Stated simply, artificial recharge is a process by which excess surface-water is directed into the ground – either by spreading on the surface, by using recharge wells, or by altering natural conditions to increase infiltration – to replenish an aquifer. It refers to the movement of water through man-made systems from the surface of the earth to underground water-bearing strata where it may be stored for future use. Artificial recharge (sometimes called planned recharge) is a way to store water underground in times of water surplus to meet demand in times of shortage.
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Event Name: Coastal & Environment Summit2017
Event Date: 7 – 10November 2017
Event Location: Singapore
Contact Email: [email protected]
Event Website: http://www.equip-global.com/coastal-and-environment-summit-2017

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Event Name: 5th Urban Underground Space & Tunnelling Asia Summit 2017
Event Date: 7 – 10November 2017
Event Location: Singapore
Contact Email: [email protected]
Event Website: http://www.equip-global.com/urban-underground-space-and-tunnelling-asia-summit-2017

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Event Name: Airfield Pavement Design & Evaluation
Event Date: 6 – 9 November 2017
Event Location: Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
Contact Email: [email protected]
Event Website: http://www.equip-global.com/airfield-pavement-design-amp-evaluation-november-2017

Well-designed airport pavements for runways, taxiways, and apron areas will provide excellent long-term performance under a range of operational and site conditions. While it is evident that good construction is important, it is critical to understand that pavements will only perform to expectations when good designs are implemented throughout the construction stage.

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By
Shubham Malu
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING N.D.MV.P.S’s K.B.T.C.O.E NASHIK

CHAPTER 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Rainwater harvesting is a technology used to collect, convey and store rain for later use from relatively clean surfaces such as a roof, land surface or rock catchment. The water is generally stored in a rainwater tank or directed to recharge groundwater. Rainwater infiltration is another aspect of rainwater harvesting playing an important role in storm water management and in the replenishment of the groundwater levels. Rainwater harvesting has been practiced for over 4,000 years throughout the world, traditionally in arid and semi-arid areas, and has provided drinking water, domestic water and water for livestock and small irrigation. Today, rainwater harvesting has gained much on significance as a modern, water-saving and simple technology.

The practice of collecting rainwater from rainfall events can be classified into two broad categories: land-based and roof-based. Land-based rainwater harvesting occurs when runoff from land surfaces is collected in furrow dikes, ponds, tanks and reservoirs. Roof-based rainwater harvesting refers to collecting rainwater runoff from roof surfaces which usually provides a much cleaner source of water that can be also used for drinking.

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By
Sourav Dutta
Manager-Civil

We generally designate stirrups by its external dimensions. For example, a 250mm x 300mm stirrup has the 250mm and 300mm dimensions in perpendicular directions as shown in Fig 1.

Now a stirrup has 2 bends, types of which are shown in Fig 1 and Fig 4. Guideline of minimum bend length is as per Cl.3.8 of BIS2502 (shown in Fig 3).
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By
Technical paper Presented by:
Mr.Jismon Issac B.E (Mech) A.I.E, MBA

Over the past few years, India has seen a spurt in the vertical growth of buildings. They range from individual houses to very tall skyscrapers. Whenever news on earthquake is reported, we have only one question in our mind – Is our home safe during an earthquake?

Engineers always tell us that earthquake don’t kill, but that will be done by poorly built constructions. Earthquake resistant buildings can be made, only by constructing our homes with ductile character. For a better understanding in earthquake resistant buildings, we must acquire knowledge about earthquakes and its occurrence. The points are given as below;

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