Freshly placed concrete exerts pressure on formwork during the placing operation. It is influenced by the rate of placing and the air temperature. For instance, if the concrete pouring rate is too slow, setting of concrete starts to take place. As a result, the concrete at the bottom of the formwork sets prior to the placing of fresh concrete at the top and the maximum pressure will be reduced.
Temperature affects the rate of hydration of concrete. The higher the air temperature is, the higher will be the rate of hydration reaction. Consequently, fresh concrete tends to set at a faster rate. The pressure exerted on formwork decreases with an increase in temperature. For this reason, formwork is subjected to a higher pressure exerted by fresh concrete in winter than in summer.
This question is taken from book named – A Self Learning Manual – Mastering Different Fields of Civil Engineering Works (VC-Q-A-Method) by Vincent T. H. CHU.
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