Dowel bars in joint normally serve to maintain structural continuity by transmitting shear forces between adjacent concrete structures. For box culvert, the use of dowel bars in joints is essential owing to the following reasons:
(i) Without dowel bars, differential settlement would result and it leads to the formation of steps in the box culvert. As a result the flow capacity of box culvert would be reduced.
(ii) The steps in the box culvert would also provide locations to trap rubbish and debris.
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This question is taken from book named – A Self Learning Manual – Mastering Different Fields of Civil Engineering Works (VC-Q-A-Method) by Vincent T. H. CHU.
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is it need dowel bar in wing wall of box culvert also