Standard conversion factors
INCH = 25.4 MILLIMETRE
FOOT = 0.3048 METRE
YARD = 0.9144 METRE
MILE = 1.6093 KILOMETER
ACRE = 0.4047 HECTARE
POUND = 0.4536 KILOGRAM
DEGREE FARENHEIT * 5/9 – 32 = DEGREE CELSIUS
MILLIMETRE= 0.394 INCH
METRE = 3.2808FOOT
METRE = 1.0936YARD

1) MILD STEEL (MS)
SHEET
WEIGHT (KGS) = LENGTH (MM) * WIDTH (MM) * 0. 00000785 * THICKNESS
example – The weight of MS Sheet of 1mm thickness and size 1250 MM * 2500 MM shall be
2500MM * 1250 MM * 0.00000785 * 1 = 24.53 KGS/ SHEET
—————————————————
ROLLED STEEL CHANNELS

MS SQUARE
WEIGHT (KGS ) = WIDTH * WIDTH * 0.00000785 * LENGTH.
Example : A Square of size 25mm and length 1 metre then the weight shall be.
25 * 25 * .00000785 * 1000mm = 4.90 kgs / metre

MS ROUND
WEIGHT (KGS ) = 3.14 * 0.00000785 * ((diameter / 2)*( diameter / 2)) * LENGTH.
Example : A Round of 20mm diameter and length 1 metre then the weight shall be.
3.14 * 0.00000785 * ((20/2) * ( 20/2)) * 1000 mm = 2.46 kgs / metre
SS ROUND
DIA (mm) * DIA (mm) * 0.00623 = WEIGHT PER METRE
SS / MS Pipe
OD ( mm) – W.Tthick(mm) * W.Thick (mm) * 0.0248 = Weight Per Metre
OD ( mm) – W.Tthick(mm) * W.Thick (mm) * 0.00756 = Weight Per Foot

SS / MS CIRCLE
DIA(mm) * DIA (mm) * THICK(mm) * 0.0000063 = Kg Per Piece

SS sheet
Length (Mtr) * Width (Mtr) * Thick(mm) * 8 = Weight Per Piece
Length (ft) * Width (ft) * Thick(inch) * 3 /4 = Weight Per Piece

S.S HEXAGONAL BAR
DIA (mm) * DIA (mm) * 0.00680 = WT. PER Mtr
Dia (mm) * Dia (mm) * 0.002072 = Wt. Per foot.

BRASS SHEET
WEIGHT (KGS) = LENGTH (MM) * BREADTH (MM) * 0. 0000085 * THICKNESS
EXAMPLE = THE WEIGHT OF BRASS SHEET OF THICKNESS 1 MM , LENGTH 1220 MM AND BREADTH 355 MM SHALL BE
1220 * 355 * 0.0000085 * 1 = 3.68 Kgs / Sheet

COPPER SHEET
WEIGHT (KGS) = LENGTH (MM) * BREADTH (MM) * 0. 0000087 * THICKNESS
EXAMPLE = THE WEIGHT OF BRASS SHEET OF THICKNESS 1 MM , LENGTH 1220 MM AND BREADTH 355 MM SHALL BE
1220 * 355 * 0.0000087 * 1 = 3.76 Kgs / Sheet
BRASS / COPPER PIPE
OD (mm) – THICK (mm) * THICK(mm) * 0.0260 = WEIGHT PER METRE

ALUMINIUM SHEET
WEIGHT (KGS) = LENGTH (MM) * BREADTH (MM) * 0. 00000026 * THICKNESS
EXAMPLE = THE WEIGHT OF ALUMINIUM SHEET OF THICKNESS 1 MM , LENGTH 2500 MM AND BREADTH 1250 MM SHALL BE
2500 * 1250 * 0.0000026 * 1 = 8.12 Kgs / Sheet

ALUMINIUM PIPE
OD (mm) – THICK(mm) * THICK(mm) *0.0083 = WEIGHT PER METRE

We are extremely thankful to Er. Harpal Aujla for sharing this on our site and thus helping civil engineering students.

Follwing picture shows the shuttering for slab and beams at a construction site. On close inspection we can see that this picture shows the drop panels too.

Right click on the picture and click on view image to see the actual sized picture

The following picture is taken at a construction site and it shows the beam reinforcement. In any beam reinforcement, two things should always be kept in mind. These are Proper Lap and Ld

In case these are not properly provided as per the design the entire beam purpose is lost and beam loses its required strength. It has been found that if the beam is not properly reinforced, the entire structure is bound to collapse

The following picture shows how Piles are used to retain soil. Piles are very useful way to prevent the sliding soil. More over as we go deep and deep, excavation becomes a prime source of concern for site engineers as soil keeps on flowing. More over in some cases it can become a source of accident. So piles are a great relief to site engineers.