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Civil Engineering Tests

Determination of Viscosity of the Bitumen

AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT
To determine the viscosity of bituminous material.

CODE OF REFERENCE

  • ASTM D88-07: Standard test method for Saybolt viscosity
  • ASTM D7496-11: Standard test method for viscosity of emulsified asphalt by Saybolt Furol Viscometer.
  • AASHTO T72, “Standard Method of test for Saybolt Viscosity”, 2005.

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Proctor Compaction Test

AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT
This test is performed to determine the relationship between the moisture content and dry density of a soil for a specified compactive effort.

CODE OF REFERENCE
IS 2720 (Part 2)- 1980 Methods of test for soils: Part 7
Determination of water content- dry density relation using light compaction.

IS 2720 (Part 2)- 1973 Methods of test for soils: (Part 2)
Determination of water content.
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Flakiness Index Test for Aggregates

AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT:
To determine the Flakiness Index of the given sample of course aggregate.

CODE OF REFERENCE:
• IS 2386(Part 1):1963 Methods of Test for Aggregates of Concrete- Particle Size and Shape. Reaffirmed Dec 2016
• ASTM 4791-10: Standard Test Method for Flat Particles, Elongated Particles or Flat Elongated Particles in Coarse Aggregates, American Society for Testing and Materials.

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TRIAXIAL SHEAR TEST ON COHESIVE SOILS

A number of methods are used for conducting the triaxial test on cohesive soils. The commonly used methods are described as below:

  • Consolidated-undrained test

A deaired, coarse porous disc or stone is placed on the top of the pedestal in the triaxial test apparatus. Then a filter paper disc is placed over the porous stone. The prepared cohesive soil specimen is then placed over the filter paper disc of the stone. The usual size of the specimen is about 37.5 mm diameter and 75.o mm height. A porous stone is also placed on the top of the specimen. After that a deaired vertical filter strip papers are placed at regular spacing around the entire periphery of the porous stone such that these assembly touch both the stones. The cohesive soil sample in then covered in a rubber membrane, in which it can slid over the specimen with the help of the attached membrane stretcher. The membrane stretcher is completely covered with the specimen using O-rings.

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Vane Shear Test

The undrained shear strength of soft clays can be determined in a laboratory by a vane shear test. The test can also be conducted in the field on the soil at the bottom of a bore hole. The field test can be performed even without drilling a bore hole by direct penetration of the vane from the ground surface if it is provided with a strong shoe to protect it.

The vane shear test instrument consist of a vertical steel rod with four thin stainless steel blades (or vanes) fixed at its bottom end. The IS: 2720-1980 code recommends that the height, H of the vane should be equal to twice the overall diameter, D. The diameter and the length of the rod are recommended as 2.6 mm and 60 mm respectively.
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