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Ranging and Fixing Of Survey Station

The object of this experiment is to set up a survey station. This is the basic step of surveying but this is also the one which has the maximum number of errors.

The Equipments used for this are :-

1. Ranging rod …………5 Nos. (min).
2. 30 m Chain…………..1 Nos.
3. Arrow…………………5 Nos. (min.)

The Procedure to conduct is as follow :

(Ranging by eye)
1. First of all first ranging rod is established at known point A and its ranging rod should be fixed at point A up to completion of work.

2. Second ranging rod is established at known point B (or at known object) and a ranging rod should be fixed at point B up to completion of work.

3. Third ranging rod established at point P (or any) approximately on the line of point AB (by judgment) and it’s not greater than one chain length from point A.

4. Measure the distance of AP by chain and move ranging rod at point P to its next position and establishing a wooden peg or arrow at point P.

5. Third ranging is established at point Q (or any) approximately on the line of point AB (by judgment) and it’s not greater than one chain length from point P.

6. Measure the distance of PQ by chain and move ranging rod at point Q to its next position and establishing a wooden peg or arrow at point Q.

7. Its procedure repeats up to reaching point B.

8. Third ranging rod is established at known point C (or at known object) and a ranging rod should be fixed at point C up to completion of work.

9. Fourth ranging rod established at point P’ (or any) approximately on the line of point BC (by judgment) and it’s not greater than one chain length from point B.

10. Measure the distance of BP’ by chain and move ranging rod at point P’ to its next position and establishing a wooden peg or arrow at point P’.

11. Fourth ranging is established at point Q’ (or any) approximately on the line of point BC (by judgment) and it’s not greater than one chain length from point P’.

12. Measure the distance of P’Q’ by chain and move ranging rod at point Q’ to its next position and establishing a wooden peg or arrow at point Q’.

13. Its procedure repeats up to reaching point C.

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14. Fifth ranging rod established at point P” (or any) approximately on the line of point CA (by judgment) and it’s not greater than one chain length from point C.

15. Measure the distance of CP” by chain and move ranging rod at point P” to its next position and establishing a wooden peg or arrow at point P”.

16. Fifth ranging is established at point Q” (or any) approximately on the line of point CA (by judgment) and it’s not greater than one chain length from point P”.

17. Measure the distance of P”Q” by chain and move ranging rod at point Q” to its next position and establishing a wooden peg or arrow at point Q”.

18. Its procedure repeats up to reaching point A.

19. Finally complete a triangle and position of point A, B, and C is known respect to each other.

observation-table

figure-surverying

Precautions: –
1. The ranging rod should be established correctly state at all points.
2. The judgment of line should be taking correctly during established ranging rod at a point.
3. Distance between surveyor’s eye and reference station (eg. A, B and C) should be minimum one meter.

We are thankful to Mr Praveen Kumar Pandey for this very useful article and we hope to see more such contributions.

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15 comments on "Ranging and Fixing Of Survey Station"

Kumar says:

As u said “Out Dated”.
How to set a Total Station may be helpful for the newcomers.

swati says:

i think the procedure of total station wil be more useful…

Manish Bishnoi says:

what is use of this work please tell………..

Venu says:

Good and creating interest in knowing basics

arup says:

help me for my assinment

semven says:

what are the types of obstacles to ranging and chaining

rohit sawle says:

thank you
and very nices

Ssewankambo Ivan says:

Thanks for the article.
What are the obtacle encountered in some cases while carrying out ranging and how to over come them?

andrew keya says:

please clarify to me about baseline. should it be at center of field or at bounderies.

Jamil ahmad says:

Thankyou for this you have solve my problem God bless you

Derrick Okello says:

1.What factors are considered when fixing survey stations?
2.With sketch diagrams describe the three types of obstructions and how they are minimized.
Please could you help me with these question.You could email them to me.Thanks a lot

sophia says:

Plz explain the ypes of obstacle in chain survey

Uday says:

what is the length of the chain which is used to measure the distance

SALIM DANJUMA LAGE says:

Thankyou for this you have solve my problem God bless you.

arjun solanki says:

highest point of the ranging roads

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