Does longitudinal steel serve as an enhancement of shear strength?

In addition to shear resistance provided by shear reinforcement, shear forces in a concrete section is also resisted by concrete compression force (compressive forces enhances higher shear strength), dowel actions and aggregate interlocking. The presence of longitudinal steel contributes to the enhancement of shear strength of concrete section in the following ways:

(i) The dowelling action performed by longitudinal reinforcement directly contributes significantly to the shear capacity.

(ii) The provision of longitudinal reinforcement also indirectly controls the crack widths of concrete section which consequently affects the degree of interlock between aggregates.

This question is taken from book named – A Self Learning Manual – Mastering Different Fields of Civil Engineering Works (VC-Q-A-Method) by Vincent T. H. CHU.